Evaluation of the Validity of the Rocks of the Pila Spi Limestone Formation in Duhok Anticline / Northern Iraq for Riprap Purposes

Abstract

The research aims to show the validity of limestone rocks for Pila Spi formation in the fold of Duhok / northern Iraq for Riprap purposes. The formations of Pila Spi, Al-Fat’ha and Injana in addition to the Quaternary sediments are mainaly exposed in the study area. Five stations were selected in the northeastern limb of the anticline Duhok fold, in which the limestone rocks belonging to Pila Spi formation are exposed, petrophysical tests showed that the dry density ranges between (2.46-2.08) g / cm3, the absorption ratio ranges between (3.15-10.90%) and the specific weight values range between (2.66-2.74), While the mechanical tests showed that the percentage of mechanical abrasion ranges between (20.06-58.42%) and the percentage of chemical abrasion ranges between (6.87-21.25%), and when comparing the properties with the specification Florida standard, it was found that it is valid for Riprap purposes in stations (1 and 2) and invalid in stations (3, 4, and 5) because the values of absorption ratio and mechanical abrasion are beyond the limits of the specification. By conducting a comparison between the properties of the rock samples and the specifications Iraqi standard, it was believed that they are valid for Riprap purposes in stations (1, 2, and 3) and not valid in stations (4 and 5) because the percentage of mechanical abrasion is beyond the boundaries of the specification. In comparison with the properties with the specification American standard,....